Nrog txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov ntaub ntawv network tsheb, nyob rau xyoo tsis ntev los no, cov qauv uas cuam tshuam rau multimode fiber thiab nws cov ntawv thov tau txuas ntxiv hloov kho. Ethernet tus nqi nce ntxiv ntawm 10 GbE / 40 GbE / 10 0 GbE rau 25 GbE / 50 GbE / 200 GbE / {{6 }} GbE, thiab yav tom ntej yuav muab kho dua kom muaj kev kub ceev ntau dua 800 GbE / 1.6 TbE; Fiber Channel tus nqi los ntawm 8 GFC / 1 6FC rau txog 32 GFC / 64 GFC thiab mus tib seem 1 28GFC / 256 GFC, thiab raws li qib siab-ceev 1 28GFC thiab mus tib seem 512 GFC yav tom ntej. Tib lub sijhawm, ntau hom kho qhov muag siv tshuab thev naus laus zis tau hloov zuj zus los ntawm NRZ coding mus rau 4-qib PAM 4 teeb liab coding; los ntawm cov nthwv dej ib ntus mus rau ntau lub yoj sib npaug, xws li 2-nthwv multiplexing BiDi thev naus laus zis, 4-wavelength multiplexing SWDM thev naus laus zis, thiab yav tom ntej Ua tau 8 wavelength multiplexing. Tsis tas li ntawd, multimode fiber muaj qhov zoo rau MDM, uas ua kom muaj peev xwm kis tau los ntawm kev noj kom zoo dua ntawm ntau hom muaj nyob hauv fiber ntau.
1. Cov xwm txheej tam sim no ntawm cabling cov ntawv thov hauv cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los, qhov kev thov rau cov chaw sib txuas lus tau txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv. Raws li Cisco kev txheeb cais thiab kev twv ua ntej, qhov kev nce nqi txhua xyoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv chaw tsheb khiav ntawm 2015 mus rau 2020 yuav yog qhov sib txuas txhua xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm 27%, ntawm uas huab chaw kev loj hlob txhua xyoo yuav yog 30%. % Qhov kev loj hlob ruaj khov.
Tam sim no, feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab xaim cov phiaj xwm siv tooj, luv luv ntawm multimode kho qhov muag, thiab cov khoom siv kho qhov muag ib-hom ntev. Ntau hom SR {{4}} thiab ib hom PSM {{4}} cov kev daws teeb meem ua kom yog. Ib qho ntawm cov ntsuas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev xaiv sab hauv kab ntsig hauv cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab yog tus nqi, thiab cov kev daws teeb meem nrog tus nqi qis tshaj feem ntau tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Yog li ntawd, SR yog siv rau qhov ntev li ntawm pua pua metres, thiab LR yog siv rau qhov chaw nyob ntev tshaj li ntawm 2 mais. Alibaba tam sim no siv 100 GBASE-SR {{4}} multimode fiber ntau kev sib txuas hauv nws lub network thiab pom tias nws raug nqi ntau dua li cov qauv sib txuas raws li ib hom fiber ntau thiab PSM {{{{{ 13}}}} lossis CWDM 4. Muab cov nplai, architecture, lub peev xwm network, thiab cov chaw cia khoom ntawm kev lag luam' s lub chaw cov ntaub ntawv hauv zos, multimode fiber thiab VCSEL yuav nyob twj ywm cov kev daws teeb meem hauv thawj cov khw tseem ceeb no.
2. OM 5 fiber ntau cov tuam ntxhab thiab SWDM kev koom tes
OM 5 optical fiber txuas txuas bandwidth kev ua tau zoo ntawm tsoos OM 4 optical fiber ntawm 850 nm rau 953 nm, siv 4 - wavelength luv-wavelength faib multiplexing (SWDM 4) thev naus laus zis xa mus rau plaub lub suab sib luag ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob ntau kom cov kis tau qhov sib kis tau ntawm cov fiber ntau mus rau qhov qub 4 lub sijhawm, thaum rov qab tau sib zog.
Raws li lub thev naus laus zis tshiab tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov sib kis tau ntawm multimode fiber ntau thiab nce qhov kev sib kis tau ntev, SWDM yog qhov pom nws tus kheej rau kev tsim cov chaw zov me nyuam cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntsig txog fiber, cov cuab yeej siv thiab cov khoom lag luam. Tam sim no, cov pawg tswvcuab suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov tsim hluav taws xob xws li YOFC, Corning, OFS, Prysmian, CommScope, thiab lwm yam, thiab tseem suav nrog cov khoom lag luam xws li Dell, Huawei, Huasan, Juniper thiab cov kws tsim hluav taws xob cov khoom lag luam xws li Finisar thiab Lumentum. Cov phooj ywg tau tso tawm ntau Daim Ntawv Cog Lus Pom Zoo (MSA) nyob rau lub Peb Hlis 2017, txhais qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm 40 GE SWDM {{4}} thiab 100 GE SWDM {{ 6}}, thiab tau hais tias nws yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau 40 0Gb / s daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.
3. OM 5 cov kab ntsig ntsig txog fiber ntau hloov kho cov kev nce qib
OM 5 fiber ntau yog tsim rau lub hauv paus ntawm OM 3 / OM 4 fiber ntau, thiab nws qhov ua tau zoo tau txhawb ntxiv rau ntau lub yoj yoj. OM 5 qhia rau yav tom ntej ntawm kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov ntawm cov kab ke fiber ntau. Txij li thaum 2015, ntau lub koom haum txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb tau ntxiv cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau OM 5 fiber ntau thiab nws cov ntawv thov.
3. 1 TIA thiab IEC
Lub Koom Haum Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam (TIA) yog thawj zaug tau tshaj tawm TIA-492AAAE fiber ntau cov qauv nyob rau lub Rau Hli 2016, uas txhais tau qhov dav dav multimode fiber (WBMMF) uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa wavelength faib multiplexing technology hauv 850 ~ { 950 nm band. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2016, ANSI / TIA-568.3-D optical fiber txheej txheem tsim hluav taws xob qauv tau tso tawm, thiab TIA-492AAAE optical fiber tau pom zoo rau xaim.
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) tau tshaj tawm IEC 60793-2 - 1 0 ed. {{1}} fiber ntau cov qauv hauv Lub Yim Hli 2017, txhais WBMMF ua A {{3} } a. 4 fiber ntau hom, thiab tau txais ISO / IEC txhawb rau 1 1 80 1. ed. Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2017, ISO / IEC 1 1 80 1 - 1 kho qhov muag kab hluav taws xob tau tsim ua tiav, thiab lub npe ntawm cov xov kab hluav taws xob no. tau txiav txim siab OM 5.
3. 2 IEEE 802. 3
IEEE 802. 3 bs tus qauv, sau tseg hauv lub Cuaj Hlis 2016 thiab tso tawm thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2017, txhais qhov tawm xov xwm nkag tswj kev tswj, txheej txheej ntawm lub cev thiab tswj kev tswj ntawm {{ 4}} Gb / s thiab 400 Gb / s Ethernet, uas kuj yog tsim rau broadband multimode fiber ntau kev ua haujlwm Nws muaj npe" OM 5 " thiab qhia txog qhov txuas luv tshaj plaws uas OM 3 / OM 4 / OM 5 peb hom fiber ntau tuaj yeem pab txhawb rau hauv 400 GBASE-SR 16 system, raws li muaj nyob hauv Table 1.
Rooj 1 Lub sijhawm luv tshaj plaws txuas uas OM 3 / OM 4 / OM 5 peb hom optical fiber muaj peev xwm txhawb rau hauv 400 GBASE-SR {{6 }} system
Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2016, qhov kev tsim kho ntawm IEEE 802. 4}} Gb / s, thiab 200 Gb / s Ethernet, thiab tau hais tias OM 5 fiber ntau tuaj yeem txhawb ntau dua {{4}} meters. {{3 }} GBASE-SR, {{4}} GBASE-SR 2 thiab 200 GBASE-SR 4. Nws cov qauv kev cai tseem nyob hauv kev sib tham thiab tau npaj siab tso tawm hauv 2018.
Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2017, IEEE 802. 3 tsim kom muaj cov cim ntxiv {{{{1 {{2 4},}}} Gb / s thiab {{ 5}} Gb / s multimode fiber lub cev txheej kev tshawb fawb pab pawg, uas lub hom phiaj siv tsawg dua fiber ntau dua li cov Ethernet uas twb muaj lawm kom ua tiav {{{{{1 {{2 4}}}}} Gb / s thiab {{ 5}} Gb / s systems. Kev xa tawm, raug xa mus rau" NGMMF Pab Pawg Kev Kawm" ;. Hauv thawj lub rooj sib tham ntawm pab pawg kawm uas tau muaj rau thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2018, ob txoj kev xaiv ntawm 400 GBASE-SR 8 lossis 400 GBASE-SR {{1 {{2 { {30}}}}}}. 2 tau npaj siab los hloov 400 GBASE-SR 16 los txhawb 400 G Ethernet. Qhov kho kom zoo rau 400 GBASE-SR 8 daws siv 8 cov khoom siv ntawm cov kho qhov muag, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tag nrho qhov zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis uas muaj tam sim no (siv VCSELs uas ua rau PAM ntau dua {{1 {{2 {{30})}))). Lub phiaj yoj yoj yoj yog 850 nm. Tam sim no muaj ob peb lub kho qhov muag rau pob tau rau QSFP-DD, OSFP, thiab COBO 8-Kab. Kev kho kom haum 400 GBASE-SR {{1 {{2 4}}}. 2 daws siv {{1 {{2 {{30},}}} ntawm kho qhov muag cov fibers thiab tswj cov kev ua hluav taws xob zoo tib yam li cov 100 GBASE-SR {{1 {{2 4}}}} qhov kev sib haum xeeb. Txhua qhov fiber kis rau 2 wavelengths. PAM {{1 {{2 4,}}} tes taws los piav siv tshuab kuj tseem siv. Lub phiaj yoj yoj yoj yog 850 nm thiab lub suab yoj ntev dua. Lub teeb lub hauv paus. Kev kho kom haum rau cov xaim hluav taws xob uas siv OM 5 fiber ntau tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ntau lub suab yoj.
4. Cov ntawv thov thiab kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm OM 5 fiber ntau
Lub tswv yim qub ntawm OM 5 cov qauv siv fiber ntau yog ua kom tau raws li nthwv dej faib faib ua ntau yam sib txuam (WDM) yuav tsum muaj ntawm cov tshuab xa hluav taws xob ntau. Yog li no, nws cov ntawv thov muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws yog nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm luv luv ntab sib faib faib ntau yam sib txuam. Tam sim no, ib leeg-wavelength 50 Gb / s multi-wavelength optical modules raws multimode fiber yog feem ntau tseem nyob hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho theem. Tsuas yog ob peb lub kho qhov muag lub tshuab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem muab cov qauv me me, tab sis tsuas yog rau kev sim sab hauv. PAM {{{4}} tes taws los piav tuaj yeem muab cov yoj ib zaug ntawm 50 Gb / s raws li qhov muaj 25 Gb / s VCSEL. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob ob ntu kev siv tshuab (BiDi) thiab plaub-wavelength multiplexing (SWDM 4) thev naus laus zis txo cov nyiaj siv fiber ntau los ntawm ib-nrab thiab peb ntu rau kev kub ceev Ethernet txuas saum toj 100 Gb / s, feem.
Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau pom tias los ntawm kev koom nrog fluorine cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm cov fiber ntau kho qhov muag, qhov sib txawv hauv qhov zoo tshaj alpha tus nqi coj los sib txawv rau lub wavelengths sib txawv tuaj yeem raug txo, yog li bandwidth ntawm" ultra-wideband multimode fiber" nyob rau hauv tag nrho wavelength ntawm 850 ~ 1050 nm tuaj yeem hloov kho. Qhov txiaj ntsig no ua pov thawj tias" Ultra-Broadband Multimode Fiber" muaj lub peev xwm los txhawb 8 wavelength-faib multiplexing channel nrog ntu ntawm 30 nm hauv qhov 850 ~ 1050 nm qhov rais.
Hauv peb lub xyoos dhau los, ntau lub tuam txhab optical fiber ntau thiab cov kho qhov muag hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob tau tshaj tawm cov kev xa tawm tshiab kawg ntawm OM 5 thiab" ultra-wideband multimode optical fiber" nyob hauv kev txhawb nqa ntawm PAM 4 kev siv tshuab tsim hluav taws xob thiab sib cais sib faib wavelength faib cov cuab yeej siv ntau yam, raws li qhia hauv Table 2. Los ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm kev sim, OM 5 fiber ntau txaus los txhawb 100 Gb / s, 2 00Gb / s thiab 400 Gb / s multi-wavelength kis tshuab tshaj { {9}} meter.
Ib qho ntxiv, los ntawm kev tsim kho kom zoo, 50 mm txoj kab uas hla multimode fiber ntau tuaj yeem tau txais qhov ua kom zoo dua hom pab pawg qeeb (DMGD) dua li cov hom fiber ntau hauv 1550 nm qhov rais rau ntau cov tswv yim-ntau cov zis ( MIMO) hom kev faib tawm multiplexing (MDM)) Hauv cov kab ke, thiaj li ua kom muaj peev xwm ntawm cov fiber ntau kho qhov muag ntau zaus, uas ua pov thawj qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm ntau hom optical fiber ntau rau modular division multiplexing yav tom ntej.
Tseeb qhia PAM 4 kev sib kis cov kev kawm tau
Xaus
Multimode fiber yeej ib txwm ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig thiab hloov tau yooj yim mus rau nruab nrab, thiab kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm daim ntawv thov tshiab muaj peev xwm ntawm multimode fiber tuaj yeem hloov kho nws mus rau qhov siab dua cov khoom sib kis. Multimode fiber ntau nrog VCSEL muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev siv nyiaj tsawg, kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, thiab kev muaj peev xwm dua, ua rau nws siv cov ntaub ntawv siv nyiaj txiag zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov neeg siv khoom lag luam feem ntau. Kev nruam ntej thiab ruaj khov ntawm kev thov rau cov chaw tsim cov ntaub ntawv huab thiab cov chaw tsim cov ntaub ntawv hauv zos muab cov kev lag luam dav dav rau cov nqi them tus nqi multimode fiber ntau cov kev daws teeb meem. OM 5 fiber kev daws teeb meem txhais los ntawm tus txheej txheem kev lag luam tshiab tau tsim kho kom zoo rau ntau lub dav ntev ntawm SWDM thiab BiDi transceivers, muab cov txuas hluav taws xob txuas ntev dua thiab sib txuas network txuas ntxiv rau cov kev sib txuas xov nrawm sab saud 100 Gb / s.