Koj Yuav Tsum Xaiv Ib Hom vs Multimode Fiber?
Multimode fiber ntau tsis pheej yig dua. Kuv yuav tsum hais qhov no ua ntej vim tias kuv tau siv sijhawm ntau dhau ntawm kev hu xov tooj nrog pab pawg muag khoom uas tau hlawv los ntawm qhov kev xav tsis zoo no. Cov cable raug nqi tsawg dua ib 'meter', yog. Tab sis thaum koj ntxiv cov transceivers, qhov tseem ceeb hauv lub voj voog hloov tshiab, thiab suav nrog qhov tshwm sim uas koj lub 10G network yuav xav tau 100G peev xwm hauv plaub xyoos, ib hom nquag tawm ua ntej.
Hais tias, kuv tsis nyob ntawm no los qhia koj ib hom yog ib txwm teb. Nws tsis yog. Ntau daim ntawv thov tiag tiag tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm multimode. Qhov teeb meem yog tias feem ntau cov ntawv sib piv tau kho qhov no zoo li qhov kev tawm dag zog tsis zoo thaum nws yog ib nqe lus nug txog kev npaj nyiaj txiag nrog kaum - xyoo lub sijhawm.
Kuv ua haujlwm rau sab kev lag luam ntawm FOCC, thiab kuv tau koom nrog hauv cov haujlwm fiber ntau hla cov chaw zov me nyuam, 5G kev xa tawm, thiab kev lag luam hauv tsev kawm ntawv network. Qhov kuv tau kawm yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm ib hom thiab multimode yuav luag tsis tshua muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm. Ob leeg ua haujlwm. Cov lus nug yog qhov twg tus nqi tsawg dua lub neej ntawm koj cov kev tsim kho vaj tse, thiab qhov kev suav ntawd nyob ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv cov nplooj ntawv spec.
Qhov deb txiav txim txhua yam ntxiv
Cov tub ntxhais txoj kab uas hla sib txawv piav qhia vim li cas cov fibers coj txawv txawv. Tib hom siv 9μm tub ntxhais, kwv yees li ib -feem kaum qhov dav ntawm tib neeg cov plaub hau. Lub teeb mus los ntawm ib txoj kev nrog tsawg dispersion. Multimode fiber ntau muaj 50μm core (lossis 62.5μm hauv cov qib qub OM1 / OM2), tso cai rau ntau pua hom teeb pom kev zoo ib txhij. Cov hom no taug kev sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev, tuaj txog ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv me ntsis. Qhov no modal dispersion txwv deb npaum li cas lub teeb liab tuaj yeem taug kev ua ntej yuav tsis nyeem tau.
10 Gbps Limit
OM4 < 400 m
100 Gbps Limit
OM4 < 150 m
400 Gbps Limit
OM4 < 100 m
Ntawm 10Gbps, cov nyhuv dispersion no ua rau OM4 multimode nyob rau hauv 400 meters. Ntawm 100Gbps, qhov txwv poob rau 150 meters. Ntawm 400Gbps, koj tab tom saib tsuas yog 100 meters.
Tib hom tsis muaj qhov teeb meem no. Tib OS2 fiber ntau nqa 10Gbps rau 40 mais siv ER optics, lossis 400Gbps rau 10 mais siv LR4 modules. Fiber nws tus kheej tsis yog qhov txwv. Tsuas yog cov transceivers txiav txim siab koj ncav cuag.
Yog li thawj lo lus nug hauv kev txiav txim siab fiber ntau yog yooj yim: ntev npaum li cas koj txoj kev khiav haujlwm ntev?
Yog tias txhua qhov txuas hauv koj qhov project nyob qis dua 150 meters, multimode tseem siv tau rau 100Gbps. Yog tias txawm tias ib qho tseem ceeb txuas txuas mus txog 300 meters, koj xav tau ib hom rau ntu ntawd. Thiab thaum koj tab tom yuav ib hom transceivers lawm, tus nqi hloov pauv hloov.
Tus nqi them tiag tiag
Kuv yuav qhia koj cov lej tiag tiag vim cov lus tsis meej txog "multimode pheej yig dua" tsis pab leej twg txiav txim siab.
Fiber cabletus nqi(kwv yees, bulk xaj):
Ib hom OS2 sab hauv / sab nraum zoov: $ 0.06 txog $ 0.10 ib meter
OM3 multimode: $0.18 txog $0.22 ib 'meter'
OM4 multimode: $0.25 txog $0.32 ib 'meter'
OM5 multimode: $0.35 txog $0.45 ib 'meter'
Ib hom kab hluav taws xob raug nqi 60-70% tsawg dua qhov sib npaug multimode cable. Qhov no ua rau tib neeg xav tsis thoob. Qhov kev xav tias "yooj yim=pheej yig dua" tsis tuav ntawm no vim hais tias multimode's graded -index core profile yuav tsum muaj kev tsim khoom ntau dua li ib hom kev tsim cov kauj ruam-index.
Tus nqi transceiver (thib peb- tog sib xws, 2024-2025 kev ua lag luam):
Cov nqi transceiver no ua rau luv luv -kev xa tawm deb. Ib qhov txuas 50-meter tsis siv ntau cable ob txoj kev, yog li $ 110 qhov sib txawv ntawm 100G SR4 thiab CWDM4 transceivers overwhelms lub cable txuag.
Txuas tus nqi sib piv ntawm qhov sib txawv (100Gbps):
50 meters
Multimode Txoj Kev:
$99 (Optics) + $16 (Cable)
Tag nrho: ~ $ 214
Tib hom Txoj Kev:
$209 (Optics) + $8 (Cable)
Tag nrho: ~ $ 227
Multimode yeej los ntawm $ 13
150 Meter
Multimode Txoj Kev:
$99 (Optics) + $48 (Cable)
Tag nrho: $ 147
Tib hom Txoj Kev:
$209 (Optics) + $12 (Cable)
Tag nrho: $ 221
Multimode yeej los ntawm $74
300 Meter
Multimode SR4:
Link Fail
Tib hom Txoj Kev:
$209 (Optics) + $24 (Cable)
Tag nrho: $ 233
Ib hom yog qhov tseem ceeb
Lub crossover point nyob ib ncig ntawm 200-250 meters rau 100Gbps daim ntawv thov. Hauv qab no, multimode nqi tsawg dua ib qhov txuas. Tshaj ntawd, multimode tsis ua haujlwm txhua.
Tsib - xyoo kwv yees tus nqi
Ntawm no yog qhov kev txiav txim siab yuav khoom tau nthuav. Los yog mob, nyob ntawm seb koj npaj ua ntej.
Ib lub tuam txhab nruab OM3 multimode rau 10Gbps network hnub no. Txhua qhov txuas yuav raug nqi $ 45 nrog rau cov transceivers thiab cable. Zoo li kev lag luam.
Peb xyoos tom qab, bandwidth xav tau thawb lawv mus rau 100Gbps. Tab sis OM3 tsuas yog nce mus txog 100 meters ntawm qhov ceev, thiab ob peb lub nraub qaum khiav mus txog 180-250 meters. Cov kev sib txuas no yuav tsis ua haujlwm nrog 100G SR4 optics.
Cov kev xaiv ntawm qhov ntawd:
- Hloov OM3 nrog OM4 (kev txhim kho marginal, tseem txwv rau 150m ntawm 100G)
- Hloov multimode nrog ib hom (kev daws teeb meem, kim)
- Txais cov kev txwv bandwidth ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntev (cov nuj nqis thev naus laus zis)
Hloov fiber ntau infrastructure nqi ntau tshaj qhov pib installation. Koj tab tom them nyiaj rau kev tshem tawm, xov tooj tshiab, kev txiav tawm tshiab, kev sim, thiab kev tswj hwm qhov project overhead ntawm kev sib koom ua ke retrofit thaum ua kom lub network ua haujlwm.
Kuv tau pom qhov kwv yees li ntawm € 40 txog € 75 ib 'meter' rau kev hloov pauv fiber ntau hauv cov chaw nyob, piv rau € 15 txog € 25 ib 'meter' rau kev tsim kho tshiab.
TCO qhov projection rau 200-txuas xa mus, 10G pib nrog 100G upgrade npaj:
| Tus nqi | Multimode OM4 txoj kev | Tib hom OS2 txoj kev |
|---|---|---|
| Pib fiber ntau (avg 80m khiav) | €3,200 | €1,280 |
| Thawj 10G transceivers | €4,000 | €5,400 |
| Xyoo 1 tag nrho | €7,200 | €6,680 |
| Xyoo 3: 100G hloov dua siab tshiab transceiver | €19,800 | €41,800 |
| Xyoo 3: Kev hloov fiber ntau (yog tias xav tau) | €12,000+ | €0 |
| 5-xyoo infrastructure tag nrho | €39,000+ | €48,480 |
Tos. Ib hom nqi ntau dua hauv qhov xwm txheej no?
Yog lawm, yog tias tag nrho koj txoj kev khiav qis dua 150 meters thiab koj tsis tas yuav hloov fiber ntau. Tus nqi transceiver ntxiv nrog cov lej txuas siab.
Tab sis hloov cov kev xav me ntsis. Push nruab nrab khiav ntev mus rau 120 meters. Dheev qee qhov kev sib txuas dhau OM4's 100G ncav cuag. Tam sim no koj xav tau fiber ntau hloov rau 15-20% ntawm kev khiav:
| Kho qhov scenario | Multimode txoj kev | Txoj kev ib hom |
|---|---|---|
| Xyoo 3 hloov fiber ntau (40 txuas × € 60 / m × 120m) | €28,800 | €0 |
| Hloov kho tag nrho 5 xyoo | €55,800 | €48,480 |
Ib hom txuag € 7,320. Thiab koj muaj headroom rau 400Gbps thiab tshaj.
Zaj lus qhia: multimode yeej ntawm tus nqi ntshiab nkaus xwb thaum kev ncua deb thiab koj tsis tas yuav hloov kho dua li qhov OM4 txhawb nqa. Ob qho xwm txheej yuav tsum tuav.
Vim li cas cov neeg ua haujlwm hyperscale tsiv mus rau ib hom
Meta's engineering team luam tawm kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm lawv 100G optical infrastructure rov qab rau xyoo 2017. Qhov kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb: ib hom fiber ntau xa cov nqi qis ntawm cov tswv cuab rau cov ntaub ntawv chaw sib cuam tshuam txawm tias cov nqi transceiver ntau dua. Lawv cov kab lus yog "yav tom ntej- pov thawj qhov deb ntawm ntau tiam neeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi hloov pauv" (qhov chaw: engineering.fb.com/2017/03/08/data-center-engineering/designing-100g-optical-connections/).
Lawv tsis tau ua kom zoo rau kev xa tawm hnub no. Lawv tau ua kom zoo dua rau cov nqi sib npaug ntawm 40G, tom qab ntawd 100G, tom qab ntawd 400G, tom qab ntawd txawm tias los tom qab, txhua tus khiav ntawm tib tsob ntoo fiber ntau.
Google, Microsoft, Amazon tau txiav txim siab txog kev tsim kho vaj tse zoo sib xws. Thaum koj siv ntau lab ntawm fiber ntau txuas thoob plaws ntau pua lub chaw, tau txais kev suav nqi ntawm lub neej yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov txo qis xyoo - ib qho siv.
Cov neeg yuav khoom lag luam feem ntau muaj kev txwv sib txawv. Cov nplai me me txhais tau tias qhov feem pua ntawm cov nyiaj tau los ntawm pheej yig dua multimode transceivers tuaj yeem ua tus thawj. Cov phiaj xwm luv luv ua rau cov lus nug tus nqi hloov tshiab zoo li nyob deb. Cov nyiaj siv nyiaj txiag muab nqi zog rau kev siv nyiaj tsawg tsawg tshaj li kev ua kom zoo dua qub.
Kuv nkag siab cov kev nyuaj siab no. Kuv tau zaum hauv cov rooj sib tham uas pab pawg nyiaj txiag tau thawb rov qab rau txhua qhov kev xaiv uas tau nce lub quarter no cov peev txheej, tsis hais txog qhov cuam tshuam ntev npaum li cas -. Qhov ntawd yog kev txiav txim siab ua lag luam raug cai. Tsuas yog lees paub tias nws yog kev lag luam nyiaj txiag- tawm, tsis yog kev lag luam.
Multimode qib piav qhia
Yog tias koj tau txiav txim siab multimode haum rau koj daim ntawv thov, xaiv cov qib zoo.
OM1 thiab OM2 (Legacy)
Lawv cov 62.5μm cores tsis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa niaj hnub siab -kev sib kis ceev tau zoo. Tam sim no tus qauv TIA-568.3-E pom zoo tawm tsam OM1 / OM2 kev teeb tsa tshiab. Yog tias ib tug neeg hais koj cov qhab nia no, nug lawv cov kev txawj ntse.
OM 3
Siv lub laser - optimized 50μm core nrog 2000 MHz ·km zoo modal bandwidth ntawm 850nm. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ncav cuag ntawm 10Gbps yog 300 meters. Ntawm 100Gbps nrog SR4 optics, koj tau txais 100 meters.
OM 4
Nce bandwidth mus rau 4700 MHz ·km, txuas 10G mus txog 400 meters thiab 100G ncav cuag 150 meters. Kuj tseem siv lub tsho aqua, yog li daim ntawv lo tseem ceeb rau kev txheeb xyuas.
OM 5
Tuav OM4 lub bandwidth ntawm 850nm thaum ntxiv kev ua haujlwm hla 850-953nm ntau yam rau shortwave wavelength division multiplexing (SWDM). Qhov no ua rau muaj peev xwm ntau dua qub fiber ntau los ntawm kev siv ntau lub wavelengths. Jacket xim yog txiv qaub ntsuab. Cov thev naus laus zis tau raug pov thawj tab sis kev saws me nyuam tseem txwv vim tias qhov sib npaug ntawm optics (SR4, SR8) tau txaus siab rau feem ntau cov kev xav tau ntev-ntev bandwidth yam tsis xav tau SWDM complexity.
Daim ntawv tseem ceeb compatibility:
OM1 / OM2 siv 62.5μm cores. OM3 / OM4 / OM5 siv 50μm cores. Koj tsis tuaj yeem txuas cov tub ntxhais sib txawv qhov loj me ncaj qha. Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ua rau tsis muaj teeb meem loj, feem ntau 3-4dB lossis ntau dua, feem ntau txaus los rhuav tshem qhov txuas tag nrho. Kev hloov kho dua tshiab los ntawm cov qub txeeg qub teg OM1 / OM2 yuav tsum tau hloov ua tiav hauv ntu cuam tshuam, tsis yog hloov pauv hloov pauv xwb.
Ib leeg mode cov qauv uas tseem ceeb
Tib hom fiber ntau ua raws li ITU-T G.652 thiab G.657 cov lus pom zoo es tsis yog OM cov qauv.
G.652.D
Tus qauv tam sim no rau dav dav - hom phiaj ib hom fiber ntau. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb suav nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws attenuation ntawm 0.4 dB / km ntawm 1310nm thiab 0.25 dB / km ntawm 1550nm, polarization hom dispersion nyob rau hauv 0.2 ps / √km, thiab cov yam ntxwv qis dej siab uas ua rau CWDM hla 1260-1625nm spectrum. Qib no tswj hwm txhua yam kev lag luam thiab cov ntaub ntawv chaw zov me nyuam.
G.657
Ntxiv khoov-kev tsis txaus ntseeg rau kev teeb tsa qhov twg txoj kev nruj tsis tuaj yeem zam tau. G.657.A1 tolerates 10mm khoov vojvoog thaum tuav tag nrho compatibility nrog G.652.DG657.A2 thawb uas txwv rau 7.5mm. G.657.B3 ncav cuag 5mm tab sis nrog qee qhov kev sib tw sib tw ua lag luam - tawm.
Rau 5G fronthaul deployments
Where fiber routes through cramped junction boxes and dense cable trays, G.657.A2 has become the default choice. Standard G.652.D fiber ntau kev ntsuas qhov poob nce ntawm khoov radii hauv qab 15mm. Khoov-sensitive fiber ntau zam qhov teeb meem no yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem tuav tshwj xeeb.
OS1 and OS2
TIA cov npe uas qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm G.652. OS2 qhia txog kev txwv nruj dua (0.4 dB / km max) thiab feem ntau nyiam rau kev teeb tsa tshiab.
Qhov teeb meem txuas tsis muaj leej twg xav tham
Kuv tau pom ntau lub network tsis ua haujlwm tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib kis kab mob ntau dua li ntawm cov fiber ntau tsis sib haum.
Lub koom haum Fiber Optic hais tias cov khoom siv qias neeg ua rau feem ntau ntawm cov teeb meem fiber ntau. Ib qho 1μm plua plav particle ntawm ib hom txuas txuas endface blocks kwv yees li 1% ntawm lub teeb, txhais tau hais txog 0.05dB qhov poob. Sib sau ua ke ob peb qhov kev sib kis kab mob thoob plaws ib qhov txuas thiab koj tau siv tag nrho koj cov peev nyiaj poob.
Kev ntxuav txhua qhov kev sib txuas ua ntej mating tsis yog xaiv tau. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Thiab tseem kuv tsis tu ncua mus ntsib cov chaw uas cov kws tshaj lij hla cov kauj ruam no vim tias lawv maj nrawm lossis xav tias lub Hoobkas- txiav cov rooj sib txoos tuaj txog huv si. Lawv tsis tas li.
APC tiv thaiv UPC polish hom tsim lwm hom tsis ua haujlwm. APC connectors muaj 8-degree angled lub ntsej muag uas txo qis rov qab xav txog. UPC connectors muaj lub tiaj tiaj. Cov no yog mechanically incompatible. Txuas ntsuab APC rau xiav UPC tsim qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua uas qhia txog 10dB lossis ntau dua ntawm kev poob. Txaus rau tag nrho cov txuas.
Xim coding tshwm sim vim li no. Ntsuab txhais tau tias APC. Blue txhais tau tias UPC. Tsis txhob, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, sib koom lawv ua ke.
Cov lus pom zoo ntawm daim ntawv thov
Data center ToR thiab intra-rack
Multimode OM4 nrog LC duplex lossis MTP / MPO connectors. Qhov deb tsawg dua 10 meters ua rau tus nqi transceiver tseem ceeb . 100G SR4 ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus.
Data center spine-nplooj interconnects
Ntsuas qhov deb. Nyob rau hauv 100 meters, multimode tseem nqi -zoo. Tshaj 150 meters los yog npaj 400G tsiv teb tsaws, qhia ib hom los ntawm qhov pib.
Data center interconnect (tsev kawm ntawv lossis metro)
Tib hom nkaus xwb. Kev ncua deb ntawm ntau pua meters mus rau kaum kilometers. Tsis muaj kev xaiv multimode muaj.
Enterprise tsim lub nraub qaum
Ib hom rau kev khiav ntau tshaj 150 meters lossis qhov twg yav tom ntej 100G + kev nrawm tau npaj tseg. Multimode txais tau rau kev khiav luv luv uas tsis muaj kev npaj kho dua tshiab.
5G fronthaul (RU rau DU)
Tib hom, feem ntau G.657.A2 rau khoov kam rau ua. Qhov deb feem ntau ncav cuag 100 meters mus rau 20 kilometers. CPRI thiab eCPRI raws tu qauv siv nyob rau hauv fronthaul yuav tsum tsis tu ncua tsis tu ncua -latency connectivity uas multimode qhov kev ncua deb yuav cuam tshuam.
Kev lag luam thiab kev tsim khoom
Ob hom nyob ntawm qhov deb. Fiber's electromagnetic immunity ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau ib puag ncig nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hnyav, kev ua haujlwm vuam, lossis cov tsav tsheb sib txawv. Qhov kev xaiv dhau los ua qhov kev ncua deb thiab hloov kho kev suav.
Ua koj qhov kev txiav txim siab
Tsis quav ntsej leej twg uas qhia koj muaj cov lus teb thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov kev xaiv zoo yog nyob ntawm koj qhov kev ncua deb, koj qhov kev qhia bandwidth, koj qhov txuas suav, thiab koj lub koom haum txoj kev noj qab haus huv rau cov phiaj xwm tshiab.
Rau kev xa tawm nrog kev khiav haujlwm feem ntau hauv qab 100 meters thiab tsis muaj kev npaj siab tshaj 100Gbps, multimode OM4 txo tag nrho cov nqi. Lub transceiver txuag kev sib xyaw ua ke hla kev sib txuas siab suav.
Rau kev xa tawm nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke, suav nrog qee qhov kev khiav hauv 150-500 meter ntau, ib hom tshem tawm qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tshawb pom tom qab kev teeb tsa uas qee qhov txuas tsis tuaj yeem txhawb koj lub hom phiaj bandwidth.
Rau kev xa tawm npaj kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw mus rau 400Gbps lossis dhau mus, ib hom muab txoj hauv kev txhim kho kom pom tseeb. Lub fiber nws tus kheej yuav tsis xav tau hloov thaum transceiver technology nce qib.
Peb tsim ob hom. Peb tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa nyiaj txiag los thawb ib qho ntawm lwm tus. Dab tsi peb muaj yog kev saib xyuas cov neeg siv khoom ua tiav nrog cov kev xaiv tsim nyog thiab tawm tsam nrog cov txheej txheem tsis sib haum. Lub hom phiaj yog sib piv cov fiber ntau rau koj cov kev xav tau tiag tiag, tsis yog muag koj txawm li cas los ua qhov kev txiav txim loj tshaj plaws.
Yog tias koj tsis paub meej txog koj qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, xa koj lub sijhawm txuas nrog rau peb qhov kev ncua deb thiab kev npaj ceev. Peb tuaj yeem ua qauv tus nqi scenarios thiab qhia koj raws nraim qhov twg cov ntsiab lus poob rau koj qhov project.
FOCC Fiber muab MTP / MPO lub cev sib dhos, fiber ntau thaj cables, PLC splitters, thiab FTTA cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov ntaub ntawv chaw thiab kev sib txuas lus. Kev txhawb nqa engineering muaj rau kev teeb tsa kev cai thiab siab - cov haujlwm ntim.
