WDM thev naus laus zis
1. Optical wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) thev naus laus zis
WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing, WDM) thev naus laus zis tib lub sijhawm sib npaug ntawm wavelengths tib lub sij hawm kho qhov muag cov teeb liab hauv cov kab hluav taws xob kho qhov muag, thiab txhua tus cab kuj kho qhov muag los ntawm FDM lossis TDM hom, txhua tus nqa ntau cov lus sib txuas lossis cov cim digital. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog los sib txuas ua ke ntawm cov kis ntawm lub teeb liab kho qhov sib txawv ntawm wavelengths (multiplexing), thiab txuas rau tib lub fiber ntau optic cable rau kis ntawm kab, tig rau txais qhov kawg ntawm cov sib txuas sib cais cov cim qhia ntawm cov sib txawv ntawm lub suab yoj yws (demultiplexing) , thiab txuas ntxiv mus ua tiav kom rov ua lub qub teeb liab rau hauv lub davhlau ya nyob twg txawv. Yog li no, lub tshuab no hu ua optical wavelength division multiplexing, optical wavelength division multiplexing technology hu ua.
WDM thev naus laus zis rau kev nthuav dav ntawm network nce ntxiv, kev tsim kho cov kev pabcuam broadband, mining fiber ntau bandwidth peev xwm, kev sib txuas lus ultra siab ceev thiab lwm yam ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txuas nrog erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) hauv WDM cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub ua kom muaj zog txaus nyiam.
2. Qhov yooj yim teeb tsa ntawm WDM system
WDM system, cov qauv pib tau muab faib ua ob-txoj kev xa thiab ib leeg-fiber kis cov kab hluav taws xob kis ua ob txoj kev. Xa mus rau txhua qhov WDM unidirectional optical path tib lub sijhawm sib kis tau raws cov fiber ntau hauv tib qho kev sib tw, ntawm qhov kawg mus nqa cov qauv ntsuas hluav taws xob muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub teeb hluav taws xob tau sib xyaw los ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv txuas lub teeb demultiplexer, thiab ib txoj kab xa xov fiber ntau, txij li txhua lub teeb liab yog nqa los ntawm lub teeb sib txawv ntawm lub yoj yoj sib txawv, nws tsis sib haum nrog txhua lwm, qhov tau txais kawg los ntawm kev siv qhov sib txuam ntau ntxiv rau cov cim kho qhov sib txawv ntawm wavelengths sib cais, ua tiav kev sib kis multiplexed optical teeb liab, Qhov kev coj rov qab yog kis los ntawm lwm lub fiber. Bidirectional WDM kho qhov muag hais txog ob txoj kev sib txawv ua ke sib kis hauv cov kab hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau nyob ntawm lub nthwv dej siv sib nrug ntawm ib leeg, ob tog mus rau ib leeg kom ua tiav qhov kev sib txuas lus tag nrho. Unidirectional WDM cov tshuab tam sim no hauv kev tsim kho thiab kev siv ntau dua, thiab qhov cuam tshuam vim qhov bidirectional WDM hauv kev tsim thiab daim ntawv thov los ntawm txhua qhov kev cuam tshuam channel, lub teeb pom kev cuam tshuam ntawm bidirectional txoj kev ntawm kev rho tawm thiab crosstalk thiab lwm yam, qhov tseeb siv ntau dua Cov.
3. tsim los ntawm dual-fiber unidirectional WDM system
Muab ob npaug rau fiber ntau qhov tsis muaj qhov thaiv WDM, piv txwv li, feem ntau, WDM system feem ntau muaj tsib yam hauv qab no: cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, kho qhov muag txuas ntxiv, cov ntsuas hluav taws xob, cov chaw kho qhov muag, cov tswj kab hluav taws xob thiab NMS.
1) Cov khoom kho qhov muag
WDM optical transmitter yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab ke, ntxiv rau nruab nrab lub yoj nruab nrab WDM system emitting lasers muaj qhov tshwj xeeb xav tau, tab sis kuj tseem nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm WDM systems (feem ntau yog kis hom thiab kis nrug ntawm lub fiber ntau) kom xaiv qee yam chromaticity dispersion muaj peev xwm transmitter. Lub teeb liab ntawm lub teeb ntab ib qho tsis pom kev zoo siv lub teeb liab kho qhov muag los ntawm thawj qhov xa tawm ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg sab tom ntej hloov kho cov teeb liab tawm ntawm qhov tsis-yoj mus kom muaj qhov ruaj khov, rov siv cov multiplexer ntau ntau ntawm cov teeb liab kho qhov muag, los ntawm kev kho qhov muag amplifier (BA) amplified tso zis.
2) Kho qhov muag rov ua dua
Tom qab qhov kev ncua ntev (80 ~ 120km) kev xa xov hluav taws xob, kho qhov muag rov qab xav tau lub suab nrov kho kom zoo, feem ntau ntawm cov qhov muag hluav taws xob tam sim no tau siv rau erbium-doped fiber optical optical amplifier (EDFA). Hauv cov txheej txheem WDM yuav tsum nce cov txheej txheem ua kom sib zog, yog li EDFA rau cov kab sib txawv ntawm lub teeb taw qhia muaj tib lub zog ua kom nce ntxiv, thiab kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev sib tw channel tau txais kev sib tw tsis cuam tshuam qhov kev sib kis.
3) Tus Txais Khoom Kho Kom Zoo
Thaum txais qhov kawg, tus kho qhov muag tshwj xeeb ua ntej (PA) uas ua kom lub teeb liab xa hluav taws xob tsis txaus siab ntawm qhov tseem ceeb channel, siv cov ceg lim tau tshwj xeeb wavelengths ntawm lub teeb sib cais los ntawm cov teeb liab tseem ceeb channel kho teeb liab, tus txais yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog ua tau raws li cov cim teeb liab rhiab, sib tshooj xav tau lub zog thiab lwm yam kev txiav txim, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qee lub suab nrov kho kom zoo, kom muaj lub zog ua tau zoo bandwidth.
4) Cov kab ke kho qhov muag
Optical saib xyuas channel txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog qhov hloov lub rooj hauv qhov kev saib xyuas rau txhua channel. Node tau ntxig nyob rau ntawm qhov kis ntawm lub teeb uas tsim los ntawm kev saib xyuas wavelength, lub teeb liab kab hluav taws xob ua ke tau tsim tawm outputs (1550nm) ntawm cov thawj channel. Thaum tau txais qhov kawg, lub teeb tsa tau txais qhov teeb meem kho qhov muag tawg, feem, cov khoom tawm (s (1550nm) wavelength optical tswj kev tso npe channel kho teeb liab thiab lub teeb liab kis. Cov kab ke synchronization bytes, nyiaj siv ua haujlwm bytes thiab byte pej xeem network los ntawm kev siv ntawm cov chaw kho qhov muag tswj kom dhau.
5) Kev Tswj Xyuas Network
NMS los ntawm kev saib xyuas kev kho mob channel overhead bytes pauv mus rau lwm cov nodes lossis tau txais los ntawm lwm cov nais nyiaj siv ua haujlwm bytes rau WDM tshuab kev tswj hwm, kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm, kev ua txhaum, kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm, kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb, thiab lwm yam haujlwm.
4. Optical wavelength division multiplexer thiab demultiplexer
Thoob plaws hauv WDM system, cov kho qhov muag wavelength faib multiplexer thiab demultiplexer WDM thev naus laus zis yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws qhov kev ua tau zoo. Qhov zoo thiab kev pom zoo ntawm cov khoom sib kis tau zoo ntawm lub system muaj lub luag haujlwm uas txiav txim siab. Lub teeb sib txawv ntawm lub teeb yuag sib xyaw ua ke cov teeb liab xa mus los ntawm cov khoom siv fiber ntau hu ua multiplexer; ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tib yam ntau lub suab sib tshooj fiber ntau cov ntawv xa hluav taws xob xa mus decomposed rau hauv tus kheej wavelengths tso zis ntaus ntawv hu ua demultiplexer. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, tus ntaus ntawv yog rov ua dua (ob-txoj kev thim rov qab), kom ntev li ntev tau ntawm demultiplexer cov zis thiab cov tswv yim nyob rau hauv lem siv uas multiplexer. WDM kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo yog qhov tsis nkag siab thiab qhov yuav tsum tau poob thiab qhov tsawg dua qhov ua kom tsawg dua, qhov tsis nkag siab yog qhov tsawg dua 1.0 ~ 2.5db, me ntsis hla ntawm kev sib tshooj, qhov sib cais sib cais, ntawm qhov sib txawv wavelength teeb liab me cuam tshuam. Hauv kev siv tam sim no ntawm WDM systems, muaj cov grating optical WDM thiab optical dielectric membrane lim WDM.
1) Grating kho qhov muag WDM
Blinding grating yog nyob rau ntawm lub dav hlau tuaj yeem kis tau los yog tha xim tus sau tau sib npaug thiab sib npaug ntawm cov zawj, uas ua rau cov duab puab zoo li muaj lub ntaiv me. Thaum lub teeb tsa ntau-wavelength optical teeb tsa muaj lub cim ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov grating los ntawm cov cim kho qhov muag ntawm cov sib txawv wavelength yuav raug tawm ntawm ntau cov ces kaum. Thaum lub teeb hluav taws xob fiber ntau ntawm lub teeb mus rau thaum uas tig mus rau lub ntsej muag sib tw rau lub ntsej muag, vim tias qhov txawv txav, ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm lub teeb ntom nti ntawm lub teeb liab kho kom zoo rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub lens kom rov qab sib txawv lub teeb sib kis, thiab tom qab ntawv tsom mus lub lens, mus rau ib qho Kev Cai tshwj xeeb tau txhaj rau cov zis fiber ntau, kom lub teeb sib txawv ntawm lub teeb liab ntawm qhov sib txawv fiber ntau kis, kom ua tiav qhov kwv ntawm demultiplexed. Raws li lub ntsiab cai rov qab, qhov kho qhov muag wavelength faib cov cuab yeej tawm tswv yim thiab cov khoom tawm tuaj yeem sib pauv kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj rov qab siv.
2) Dielectric zaj duab xis kho qhov muag WDM lim
WDM tshuab tam sim no ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv thaj tsam 1550nm wavelength, nrog 8, 16 lossis ntau dua wavelengths, ntawm ob khub ntawm cov khoom siv fiber ntau (ib leeg fiber ntau kuj tseem siv tau) constituting kho qhov muag sib txuas lus. Nruab nrab ntawm txhua txoj kab ntuag ntawm 1.6nm, 0.8nm lossis ntu sib nrug, sib npaug 200GHz, 100GHz lossis ntau dua nqaim bandwidth.
5. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm WDM thev naus laus zis
1) Siv qhov zoo ntawm qhov loj bandwidth ntawm lub fiber, lub peev xwm kis ntawm ib tus fiber ntau tau nce ob peb zaug rau ob peb zaug ntau dua li cov xov hluav taws xob ib leeg, thiaj li ua kom cov khoom sib kis ntawm cov fiber ntau, txo cov nqi, muaj kev thov zoo heev thiab tus nqi economic.
2) Vim tias txhua lub suab sib tshooj WDM thev naus laus zis siv ntawm nws tus kheej, uas tuaj yeem sib txawv cov teeb liab sib kis, ua tiav kev sib xyaw thiab sib cais ntawm ntau cov cim, multimedia teeb liab hybrid kis tau tus mob.
3) Raws li muaj coob tus tau lees txais tag nrho-ob txoj kev sib txuas lus style txoj kev, yog li siv WDM thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem txuag ntau txoj kab kev nqis peev.
4) Xav tau, WDM thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem muaj ntau daim ntawv thov, xws li kev sib tw lub cev ntev, kev tshaj tawm cov xaib, ntau lub chaw sib txuas hauv cheeb tsam thiab ntau dua, yog li cov ntawv thov network tseem ceeb heev.
5) Nrog qhov hloov chaw hloov mus txuas ntxiv txhim kho, ntau ntawm cov lus teb ceev optoelectronic pab kiag li lawm yog qhov tsis txaus, siv WDM thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem txo qee qhov kev xav tau siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem paub loj-muaj peev xwm kis tau.
6) Kev siv WDM thev naus laus zis txoj kev siv tshuab, kev hloov pauv network thiab xa rov qab.
