Lub Closer Saib Ntsuas, Hloov thiab Router
Hauv Ethernet network xa mus, muaj peb yam khoom uas zoo sib xws hauv hub, hloov thiab router. Tag nrho lawv yog cov hnab yas me me los yog hlau zoo li cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv ua si ntau yam hauv lub network. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yuav coj koj mus saib lub raj, hloov thiab router.
Lub hub, kuj hu ua hub hub, yog qhov chaw sib txuas rau cov khoom siv hauv lub network. Muaj ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj, lub hub feem ntau yog siv los txuas rau ntawm LAN. Thaum twg ib pob ntawv tuaj txog ntawm ib qho chaw nres nkoj, nws tau muab luam mus rau lwm qhov chaw nres nkoj kom tag nrho cov ntu ntawm LAN pom tau tag nrho cov pob ntawv.
Hauv ib lub network, cov lim thiab kev tuav cov nkoj ntawm LAN ntu. Nws feem ntau yog ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txuas (txheej 2) thiab qee zaum qhov txheej txheem network (txheej txheej 3) ntawm OSI Reference Model thiab yog li ntawd txhawb cov txheej txheem pob ntawv. LANs uas siv keyboards los koom ua ke yog hu ua switched LANs los yog, yog tias muaj Ethernet networks, switched Ethernet LANs.
Ib lub router yog tsim los koom ua ke ntau ntau cov LANs nrog WAN. Kev pabcuam raws li cov tswvcuab hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov tsheb khiav, cov router tau txais cov khoom ntim hauv network, saib hauv txhua pob ntawv los cim qhov chaw thiab cov chaw xaib chaw, ces khuav cov ntaub ntawv no kom paub meej txog cov ntaub ntawv txog nws qhov chaw kawg.
Sab nraud, hub, hloov thiab router zoo tib yam:
Lawv yog cov khoom me me los yog hlau zoo li lub tshuab hluav taws xob.
Lawv ua kom cov neeg txuas mus rau lawv los ntawm kev sib koom tes network rau kev nkag mus rau hauv Internet.
Lawv muaj ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm sab xub ntiag los yog sab nraum qab ntawm chav tsev uas muab cov ntsiab lus sib txuas rau tshuab hlwb hlau, muaj kev txuas rau hluav taws xob thiab LED teeb rau tso saib ntaus xwm txheej.
Tab sis thaum thov hauv lub network, muaj qee qhov txawv ntawm lawv:
Peb paub hais tias tus router yog tsim los kom koom nrog lub network hauv tsev rau hauv Internet rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib txuas hauv Internet. Txawm li cas los, hloov thiab hub tsis tuaj yeem koom nrog ntau lub network los sis sib koom Internet. Lub network uas tsuas hloov thiab hub yuav tsum tsis txhob xaiv ib lub koos pij tawj ua lub qhov rooj hauv Internet, thiab ntaus ntawv yuav tsum muaj ob lub network adapters rau kev sib koom, ib qho rau lub tsev muaj kev sib raug zoo thiab ib qho rau hauv Internet nrog txojkev txuas.
Tus neeg siv txoj hauv kev yog ua lwm yam. Piv txwv, router muaj kev koom nrog kev sib koom hauv DHCP thiab kev them nyiaj yug lub network firewall. Qee cov wireless routers twb muab tso rau kev hloov hluav taws xob hauv Ethernet los txhawb kev sib txuas ntawm lub computer txuas (thiab ua kom lub network nthuav tawm ntawm kev txuas ntxiv cov keyboards yog tsim nyog).
Router yog tib qho ntawm cov khoom siv peb uas yuav tso cai rau koj los koom ib tus IP (Internet Protocol) chaw nyob ntawm ntau tus neeg tau txais kev pabcuam.
Hloov yog dua kev kawm lwm qhov hauv hub. Piv txwv, ob leeg dhau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom txuas nrog lawv, hub broadcasts cov ntaub ntawv rau tag nrho lwm yam kev sib txuas lus nruab nrab, thaum hloov thawj qhov kev txiav txim uas ntaus ntawv yog tus neeg tau txais kev pab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab tom qab ntawd xa mus rau ntawd ib qho khoom ncaj qha ntawm ib qho hu ua " virtual Circuit ". On busy networks, qhov kev coj cwj pwm no tso cai rau tsim kom tsis muaj kev sib tshuam hauv kev sib tshuam tsawg dua li cov hub.
Kev xa mus tsev hauv tsev, hloov thiab router siv ntau dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntawv pov thawj PoE thiab wireless router. Kuv vam tias tom qab koj nyeem cov lus no, koj tuaj yeem muaj kev nkag siab zoo dua ntawm hub, hloov thiab router. FOCC muab kab txuas nrog ntau lub sijhawm thiab cov xim rau cov cab cab. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj qhov ntaus PoE zoo rau PoE.
