Cabling Tsim thiab Xav Tau
Kev taw qhia
Raws li tag nrho peb paub: cabling ntawm tsev hauv zos qhov chaw network (LAN) qhov kawg ntawm lub 100m cabling, zej zog thaj tsam kawg 2km integrated network cabling lub computer data center chav, xws li ob peb cabling. Cabling nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw, raws li lawv lub hom phiaj thiab sib nug xov tooj ntsuas xam qhov ntev ntawm lub cabling cia tso. Tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi siv cabling, tag nrho cov mus rau lub nroog kev sib txuas lus txuas network thiab ib feem tseem ceeb. Tsuas yog hauv kev nkag siab tob txog nroog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tes hauj lwm sib txuas lus, thiaj li yuav tsum paub tseeb tias yuav tsim tus qauv cabling; kuj tsuas yog muab nrog lub nroog txoj kev loj hlob zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev sib txuas lus nrog kev sib txuas lus nrog kev sib txuas lus nrog, cabling yeej tuaj yeem ua cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm kev sib koom tes thiab tau qhov kev ua tau zoo-yeej muaj txiaj ntsim. Ntawm no tsuas yog mus rau cov kev sib txuas lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj, cabling yuav tsum muab coj los sib txuas nrog txoj kev loj hlob, nrog rau cov kev tsim kho tshiab hauv kev teeb meem xws li kev kawm thiab kev sib tham.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev sib txuas lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus
Cov kev sib txuas lus hauv kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj (telecommunication networks) raws li lub suab sib txuas lus, tus nqi tsawg tsawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv digital (DDN), Lub Chaw Txuas Txiab (FR) taw tes rau qhov taw qhia, xws li qis tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas lus, lub suab kev pib pib hauv qhov bandwidth ntawm 64kbps. Nyob rau thaum ntxov xyoo 1990, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev paub txog txawv teb chaws nrog cov kev qhia txog Kev Tiv Thaiv Txoj Kev Tshaj Tawm thiab kev sib txuas lus network, thiab tsim kom muaj peb cov qauv, thiab nquag txhawb txoj kev sib txuas lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus sib txuas lus kom tau zoo tshaj plaws. Hauv 10 lub xyoos xwb, kev sib txuas lus network ntawm 10 megabytes, 100 megabytes, Gigabit mus rau 10 Gigabit-chav kawm ntawv, lossis txawm 10 Gigabit-network tshuav sai sai rau hauv daim ntawv teev npe loj.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm txoj kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj yog txhua txoj hauv kev, kev sib txuas lus muaj xws li: wired, wireless, satellite, etc .; Cov lus sib txuas lus muaj xws li: xov tooj, TV, ntaub ntawv, etc ..
a. Qhov kev txhim kho sai ntawm lub koom kho qhov muag pom zoo (PON)
Tam sim no, lub koom haum kho qhov muag pom tau zoo heev (PON) yog lub teb chaws sai, xws li: EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network), GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network), GEPON (Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network), APON (ATM Passive Optical Network) BPON (Broadband Passive Optical Network) thiab lwm yam kev siv network, kev teeb tsa kev teeb tsa yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha.
Tam sim no qhia EPON / GPON kev sib tham: EPON / GPON yog tsim los ntawm OLT (Optical Line Terminal), ODN (Optical Distribution Network) thiab ONU (Optical Network Unit) thiab lwm yam. EPON / GPON tshua.
Lub zog ntawm EPON / GPON :
* Nyob rau ntawm OLT thiab ONU ntxiv rau qhov kho qhov muag, nrog GE (Gigabit Ethernet), FE (Fiber Optic Ethernet), RF (Xov tooj cua zaus), E1 (2.048Mbps) interfaces, tuaj yeem siv rau ntau daim ntawv thov network.
* EPON tuaj yeem muab qhov sib npaug thiab qhov nqes ntawm qhov siab tshaj 1.25 Gbps.
* GPON muaj peev xwm muab uplink 155Mbps, 622Mbps, 1.24Gbps los yog 2.48Gbps; Downlink 1.24 Gbps lossis 2.48Gbps.
* Nruab Nrab IP network teeb liab DWDM Module , qhov kawg ntawm 1490nm thiab downlink ntawm 1310nm teeb liab los ntawm central chaw ua hauj lwm OLT integrated transceivers tau txhaj rau tib lub tshuab fiber ntau, ntawm qhov muag qhov muag network ODN siv 32.64 cov ntsiab lus los yog 128 qhov txuas qhov sib txuas mus rau ONU. Yog tias tsim nyog, kuj tseem yuav tau txhaj cov kab mob CATV uas siv peb lub wavelength ntawm 1550nm hauv chaw ua haujlwm central OLT hauv kev sib xyaw ONU uas muaj kev sib txuas nrog cov neeg sib txuas nrog cov neeg siv RF sib txuas ntawm tus neeg tau txais kev pabcuam cable network.
* EPON / GPON network yug tsob ntoo, hnub qub, chaw tos tsheb loj, hybird thiab redundant topology etc ..
* EPON raws li tus txheej txheem ntawm Ethernet thiab IEEEP802.3ah, thaum thauj xa 1.25Gbps cov ntaub ntawv, lub dav hlau kho qhov dav hlau (OLT) thiab lub dav hlau kho qhov dav hlau (ONU) ntawm kev kis mus txog 20 km.
* GPON raws li ITU-T txuj G984.1-G984.5 version, yog nyob hauv Europe thiab North America, FTTH technology, yog siv thoob ntiaj teb. GPON generic framing raws tu qauv uas muab cov kev sib txuas ntau qhov kev sib kis tau muaj peev xwm muab qhib qhov nruab nrab, nrog 2.48Gbps tus nqi thiab cov asymmetric kis tau tus mob, OLT / ONU kis mus txog ntawm 37km.
b. FTTH lossis FTTB / N
Raws li EPON / GPON technology matures, tus nqi ntawm Fiber Optical Cable yog ntau thiab ntau pheej yig. Fiber optic fiber extends rau hauv pem teb, zej zog pob, thiab txawm tias tsev neeg nce siab. Raws li cov lag luam hauv tuam txhab yeej xav xav txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tswv yim thiab cov khoom siv tawm hauv lub sij hawm luv luv nqi rov qab thiab nyiaj yog lub hom phiaj qhov kawg.
Qhov zoo ntawm FTTH cov kev daws teeb meem :
1. Muaj peev xwm ntau dua, kom haum rau cov ntawv thov kev kub ceev.
2. Tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob sab nraud, kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam zoo, kev sib txuas lus zoo.
3. Silica fiber ntau cov khoom siv ua tsis tiav.
4. Tus nqi ntawm cov hluav taws xob fiber optic tau qis tshaj tooj liab (tiam sis kev hloov khoom siv cuab yeej hluav taws xob hloov dua siab tshiab yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov nqi qis dua).
Cov kev tsis zoo ntawm FTTH cov kev daws teeb meem :
1. Ua haujlwm nplua nuj, cov peev txheej pib dua.
2. Tshiab fiber ntau optic cable thiab ntau, ntev lub sij hawm tsim kho (txheeb ze rau FTTB / N tov).
3. Hloov qeeb qeeb qeeb.