Synthetic networks yuav ua rau kom muaj qee cov ntaub ntawv thaum tseem tiv thaiv tus kheej los yog chaw tsis pub neeg paub, raws li tus Statistician Penn State.
"Kuv lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog los tsim cov tswv yim uas yuav ua kom muaj kev sib qhia cov ntaub ntawv ceev xwm txheej kom zoo uas yuav pab tau rau kev tshawb nrhiav," said Aleksandra Slavkovic, xib fwb ntawm kev txheeb xyuas thiab tus thawj tswj hwm rau kev kawm tiav, Eberly College of Science, Penn State. "Yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv npog cia nrog tsawg tshaj plaws yuav raug rau kev nrhiav tau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb thiab tseem xyuas kom paub meej thiab meej mom, yog lub hom phiaj."
Slavkovic tau pom cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis pub leej twg paub los ntawm kev sib koom tes ua ke, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov computer thiab social scientists. Nws tshawb fawb txog ntau yam ntaub ntawv, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv network uas ntes kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xws li cov tib neeg lossis cov koom haum. Nws qhia txog nws txoj kev sib txuas los muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas txaus siab rau qhov kev xav ntawm kev sib cais niaj hnub no (Feb 16) thaum lub sijhawm xyoo 2019 rau lub koom haum Amelikas rau Kev Txhawb Kev Ua Haujlwm hauv Washington, DC
Kev sib txawv ntawm kev ceev ntiag tug muaj kev lees paub kev lees paub ntawm cov theem ntawm kev tsis pub leej twg paub rau cov tib neeg.
Cov kws tshawb fawb xav kom nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv sau los ntawm lwm tus neeg rau lawv cov kev tshawb nrhiav, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv kuj yuav cuam tshuam tau tus kheej ntiag tug, txawm tias tom qab kev tshem tawm ntawm tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv keeb tiv hais.
"Ib abundance ntawm kev pabcuam ntaub ntawv yog lub ntsiab ua txhaum," said Slavkovic. "Muaj cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas, nkag mus rau ntau hom ntaub ntawv uas yuav txuas tau nrog dataset hauv tes, thiab cov koom haum yuav tsum tau muab cov ntaub ntawv, cov kev pheej hmoo rau cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug nce ntxiv. daws kev tswj tus kheej tsis tau yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txoj kev nrhiav suab scientific discovery. "
Cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv kev siv tshuaj yeeb ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob HIV, piv txwv li, yuav qhia tias leej twg yog nyob rau hauv pawg neeg kho mob thiab leej twg nyob hauv pawg tswj hwm. Cov pab pawg kho mob tsuas muaj tib neeg kuaj pom tias muaj HIV thiab txawm tias cov tswv yim tuav cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv tau teev tseg, qee cov ntsiab lus qhia yuav nyob. Vim tias cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm niaj hnub no muaj nyob online hauv kev tshaj xov xwm thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, nws yog ib qho ua tau los txuas rau cov kev ntsuam xyuas thiab pom cov neeg, uas yog qhov tshwm sim lawv cov kab mob HIV.
"Cov tswv yim mus txuas ob cov ntaub ntawv teev, hais tias cov ntaub ntawv pov npav thiab ntaub ntawv kho mob, tau zoo heev," said Slavkovic. "Nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov kev tshawb pom yav dhau los, Latanya Sweeny (tam sim no hauv Harvard) tau pom tias los ntawm kev txuas cov ntaub ntawv no, koj tuaj yeem txheeb tau 87 feem pua ntawm cov neeg hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas Census txij xyoo 1990 raws lawv hnub yug, gender thiab 5 digit Tsis ntev los no, soj ntsuam cov neeg siv tweets thiab txuam Twitter cov xov xwm los qhia tias lawv tuaj yeem txheeb cov neeg siv nrog 96.7 feem pua qhov tseeb. "
Slavkovic sau hais tias nws tsis yog tib neeg los yog lub koom haum uas nws cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis hais tias cov neeg sab nraum lub database kuj raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm kev ywj pheej, ncaj qha los yog los ntawm lub koom haum. Kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv dataset thiab cov lus qhia txog kev tshaj xov xwm yuav ua rau lub lag luam loj ntiag tug - tej yam xws li kev mob HIV lossis kev ua plees ua yig ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev yog tshwm sim.
Thaum kev ceev ntiag tug tseem ceeb, cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg tau khaws cia ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rau cov neeg tshawb xyuas. Tam sim no, qee lub sij hawm thaum cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev txaus siab, cov neeg tshawb xyuas yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg los ua lawv cov kev tshawb fawb, ua kev tshawb fawb ntau nyuaj thiab kim.
Slavkovic yog xav nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv network. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias cov neeg los yog cov tsev koom ua ke - cov ntshav - thiab cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntshav. Nws txoj kev qhia yog los tsim ib qho kev hloov me ntsis, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov nruab nrog cov mirrored nrog ob peb ntawm cov pob taws tsiv, kev sib txuas tau txav los yog cov npoo hloov.
"Lub hom phiaj yog los tsim tshiab tes hauj lwm uas txaus siab qhov kev sib txawv ntawm kev ceev ntiag tug ntawm kev ceev ntiag tug thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm kev ntes feem ntau ntawm cov qauv sau los ntawm thawj lub network," hais tias Slavkovic.
Cov datasets hluavtaws no tej zaum yuav txaus rau qee cov neeg soj ntsuam kom los siav lawv cov kev tshawb nrhiav. Rau lwm tus, nws yuav txaus los kuaj lawv cov kev xav thiab kev xav ua ntej yuav tsum mus rau ntawm qhov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav yuav sim cov cai, tshawb nrhiav kev tshawb fawb thiab kev ntsuam xyuas yooj yim thaum tseem tab tom tos tso cai siv cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb hauv nws qhov chaw nyob.
"Peb tsis muaj peev xwm txaus siab xav tau rau txhua qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam nrog tib hom ntaub ntawv hloov kho," hais tias Slavkovic. "Qee cov neeg yuav xav tau cov ntaub ntawv qub, tab sis lwm tus yuav mus ntev ntev nrog cov khoom cua hluavtaws xws li hluavtaws tes haujlwm."
