Lub chaw cov ntaub ntawv yog ib lub network ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb uas tau sib koom ua ke thoob ntiaj teb kom xa, nrawm, tso saib, suav, thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv Internet network infrastructure.
Taw qhia
Cov lus txhais tau muab los ntawm Wikipedia yog" lub chaw cov ntaub ntawv yog ib qho ua tiav ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm nyuaj. Nws tsis tsuas yog suav nrog cov khoos phis tawj thiab lwm yam khoom siv txhawb nqa (xws li kev sib txuas lus thiab kev khaws cia), tab sis kuj suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas tsis tu ncua thiab cov cuab yeej tswj hwm ib puag ncig. , Saib xyuas cov khoom siv thiab ntau yam khoom siv kev nyab xeeb" Nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv" Lub Datacenter li Computer", Google txhais cov ntaub ntawv chaw zov me nyuam raws li" ntau lub tsev uas tuaj yeem ua tau ntau lub servers thiab kev sib txuas lus. Cov cuab yeej no tau muab tso ua ke vim tias lawv muaj kev sib koom ua ke Ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub cev, thiab qhov kev tso kawm zoo li no yooj yim los tswj", thiab" tsis yog ib qho kev sau ntawm servers."
Thaum siv internet nkag, koj tsuas yog xav tau lub PC nrog Internet nkag mus ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv chaw software. Lub router nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm hais txog cov ntaub ntawv chaw network topology thaum lub tuam txhab dav dav mus online. Nws txuas nrog Is Taws Nem los ntawm router. Lub sijhawm no, qee qhov kev teeb tsa yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub router. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem pom tau los ntawm kev txuas ncaj qha mus rau broadband nkag mus rau PC. Tsis muaj ISP yuav tsum tau qhib qhov kev pabcuam. Txawm li cas los xij, xaiv qhov tsim nyog dynamic sau npe software raws li tau txais sab nraud network IP chaw nyob thiab txoj kev.
Hais txog qhov chaw nyob ntawm ob qhov kawg ntawm gre, qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub vojvoog server, thiab chaw nres nkoj ntawm lub tuam txhab router tau txais thaum lub wireless ntaus ntawv hu. Tsis tas yuav teeb tsa kev sib tham tsis siv neeg ntawm lub cuab yeej wireless thiab cov cab kuj' cov khoom sib txuas lus.
Yog tias qhov chaw zov me nyuam yuav tsum tau txais hom wireless, nws kuj tuaj yeem pom tau los ntawm H7920 mobile router. Tab sis xyuam xim rau bandwidth.
Thaum cov kab mob siab rau muab los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj siv rau kev nkag mus, RJ25 interface feem ntau yog siv rau ntawm tus neeg siv kawg, thiab cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv tsis tas yuav muaj khoom siv kho vajtse. Ib lub PC txaus. Tsis tas yuav qhib kev pabcuam. Tab sis feem ntau thaum siv cov kab kev nkag siab, APN lossis VPDN yuav raug siv los tsim lub network ntiag tug sab hauv, kom tus IP chaw nyob ruaj khov tuaj yeem muab rau kev tswj xyuas yooj yim.
Cov qauv network tshwj xeeb ntawm folding yog raws li hauv qab no
Lub wireless DDN system tau muab faib ua ob ntu: qhov chaw saib xyuas thiab chaw khaws ntaub ntawv. Lub ntsiab lus saib xyuas siv GPRS DTU, uas tuaj yeem muab RS-232, RS485, thiab Ethernet interfaces. Cov ntaub ntawv siv broadband ADSL lossis kab mob siab rau nkag mus rau Is Taws Nem. Cov txheej txheem nkag tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:
a) Kev saib xyuas cov ntsiab lus nkag: Qhov taw qhia saib xyuas yog txuas nrog GPRS DTU kis tau tus mob module los ntawm RS-232, RS485 lossis Ethernet interface, thiab tom qab ntawd DTU muaj feem cuam tshuam. Txhua GPRS DTU kis tau tus mob module tuaj yeem thauj khoom nrog China Mobile data SIM card. . b) Data center access mode: Data center access mas muab faib ua ob pawg:
1) Txais siv Internet. Cov ntaub ntawv chaw txais yuav broadband ADSL txoj kev nkag, uas muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov bandwidth loj thiab tus nqi pheej yig. Qhov tsis zoo yog tias kev ruaj ntseg tsis zoo thiab qhov ncua sij hawm yog me ntsis ntev dua li ntawm kev nkag mus rau kab. Siv LAN sib koom siv Is Taws Nem, uas yog qhov pib zoo ib yam li ADSL nkag, tab sis ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov chaw nres nkoj thaum nkag. Siv xov tooj hu xov tooj mus rau hauv Internet. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, kev siv bandwidth yog nqaim. Yog li ntawd, nws tsuas yog tsim nyog rau kev sib txuas nrog cov ntsiab lus me me thiab cov ntaub ntawv me me. Lub network topology yog raws li nram no:
2) Lub tuam txhab txawb kev nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw siv cov neeg siv wireless network (xa mus rau Tuam Tshoj Mobile) los muab kev nkag mus rau cov channel. Hauv kev xyaum, txoj kev no muaj cov kev sib txuas hauv qab no: Lub tuam txhab txawb lub khoos phis tawj chav siv txoj kab kev nkag mus siv, uas muaj cov bandwidth loj (feem ntau 2M), uas yog qhov zoo heev rau kev ncua thiab kev ruaj ntseg, tab sis nws kim dua rau kev xauj tsev. kab mob siab no. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg siv uas xav tau kev nyab xeeb siab xws li cov tsev txhab nyiaj thiab POS network. Nws kuj pom zoo kom siv txoj kev no thaum muaj ntau lub chaw nres tsheb. GPRS wireless nkag txoj kev yog saws, uas txuas ib GPRS MODEM nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw thiab dial-up Internet nkag los ntawm lub PC nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw. Qhov zoo dua yog tias kev sib txuas lus ceev ceev thiab tus nqi pheej yig. Qhov tsis zoo yog tias qhov bandwidth nqaim (GPRS uplink 10Kbps, downlink 40Kbps), thiab qhov ncua sij hawm loj. Txoj kev no yog siv ntau dua hauv kev sim. Yog tias koj npaj yuav siv nws hauv qhov project tiag tiag, thov nco ntsoov tias SIM daim npav yuav tsum tau thov rau APN.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
Nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab xws li huab xam thiab virtualization, cov ntaub ntawv chaw tau hloov mus rau hauv ib puag ncig sib txawv kiag li. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua qhov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv xav tau qee yam tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias kev ua haujlwm zoo. Txawm hais tias koj lub chaw khaws ntaub ntawv tsuas yog loj npaum li lub thawv ntim khoom, lossis loj npaum li lub tshav dav hlau, lossis txawm tias lub chaw khaws ntaub ntawv uas Google tau hais tias yuav tsim lub nkoj ntab, cov ntsiab lus no yuav siv tau:
1. Kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig
Ib puag ncig tus qauv, kwv yees tau zoo yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua qhov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv zoo. Nws' tsis yog hais txog kev ua kom txias thiab tswj cov av kom zoo (Wikipedia pom zoo qhov kub ntawm 61-75 degrees Fahrenheit / 16-24 degrees Celsius, thiab av noo ntawm 40% -55%). Koj kuj yuav tsum xav txog yam xws li kev tiv thaiv hluav taws, cua ntws, thiab kev faib hluav taws xob. Kuv tau ntsib nrog ib lub tuam txhab uas mob siab rau kom ntseeg tau tias lawv cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv khaws cia kom huv li sai tau, thiab tsis muaj cov thawv ntim khoom tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv chav tsev ntawd. Qhov no yog vim lub tshuab xa tawm uas rub cov cua txias mus rau pem hauv ntej khib, cia cov duab los qhia nkag mus rau hauv cov huab cua, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub server. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog me ntsis huab tab sis qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub tswv yim no.
2. Kev ruaj ntseg
Needless hais, lub cev kev ruaj ntseg yog lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug txhim khu kev qha cov ntaub ntawv chaw. Khaws koj lub cev kom raug, thiab tso cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tso cai nkag mus, thiab tuav daim ntawv tso cai nkag mus rau lub server, cov ntawv thov thiab cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub network raws li qhov tsim nyog. Nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg hais tias cov khoom muaj nqis tshaj plaws ntawm txhua lub tuam txhab (tshwj tsis yog tib neeg, tau kawg) muaj nyob hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov tub sab thib peb yog cov laptops lossis cov xov tooj ntawm tes. Cov tub sab tshaj lij tsom mus rau qhov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv. Lub qhov rooj xauv tuaj yeem qhib tau, yog li nws raug nquahu kom siv lub tswb. Tau kawg, lub tswb kuj tseem yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, yog li xav txog txoj hauv qab no: xauv lub server khib? Npaj ib lub zog thaub qab rau koj qhov kev ruaj ntseg? ntiav kev ruaj ntseg? Nws nyob ntawm koj qhov kev xav tau kev nyab xeeb, tab sis nco ntsoov," Kev ruaj ntseg yog txheej txheem mus sij hawm ntev."
3. Kev lav phib xaub
Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias feem ntau cov neeg ua haujlwm IT yog cov kws tshaj lij thiab muaj kev ntseeg siab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis cuam tshuam qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev lav phib xaub hauv cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv txhawm rau taug qab tib neeg-tshuab sib cuam tshuam. Lub chaw khaws ntaub ntawv yuav tsum sau cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev nkag mus rau daim ntawv pov thawj (thiab cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tau khaws cia los ntawm cov chaw haujlwm uas tsis yog IT, xws li lub chaw saib xyuas kev ruaj ntseg, lossis ib daim qauv yuav tsum khaws cia rau hauv tes ntawm IT tus thawj coj thiab tus lwm thawj coj tib lub sijhawm. ). Cov neeg tuaj saib yuav tsum sau npe thaum nkag mus thiab tawm mus, thiab khaws cia nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm network / daim ntawv thov / cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau pib. Qhov kawg tab sis tsis kawg, yuav tsum muaj qee tus neeg saib xyuas txhua qhov system, txawm tias nws yog server, router, cov ntaub ntawv chaw txias, lossis lub tswb.
4. Tswv yim
Tom qab txhua tus txheej txheem hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw, yuav tsum muaj lub tswv yim los pab tswj thiab tswj ib puag ncig. Koj xav tau kev nkag mus rau qhov system thiab kev siv cov cai (piv txwv li, tsuas yog tus thawj tswj hwm database tuaj yeem tswj hwm lub database). Koj yuav tsum muaj lub tswv yim khaws cov ntaub ntawv- yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntev npaum li cas? Koj puas xav khaws lawv sab nraum lub Hoobkas? Yog tias muaj, thaum twg nws yuav tas sijhawm? Tib lub tswv yim siv rau kev teeb tsa cov tshuab tshiab, tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv tsis siv neeg / kev pabcuam, thiab tshem tawm cov cuab yeej qub - piv txwv li, tshem tawm cov server nyuaj, pub dawb lossis rov ua dua tshiab.
5. Rov ua dua
Ib yam li lub tsheb qub xav tau lub log tsheb seem, koj lub chaw khaws ntaub ntawv yuav tshiab dua, kim dua, thiab tseem ceeb heev, yog li koj xav tau ntau tshaj li lub log tsheb seem kom ntseeg tau tias nws ua haujlwm zoo. Koj xav tau tsawg kawg yog ob daim ntawv theej ntawm txhua yam kev lag luam nyob ntawm seb nws yog tus xa ntawv, ISP, cov ntaub ntawv txuas, lossis VOIP lub suab xov tooj. Peb lossis ntau qhov thaub qab yuav tsis raug mob ntau zaus!
Ntxiv nrog rau cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sim thiab ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm ib txwm yog qhov tseem ceeb, xws li kev cob qhia tsis tu ncua thiab kev tshawb fawb txog cov txheej txheem tshiab.
6. Kev saib xyuas
Kev saib xyuas lub sijhawm ua haujlwm thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub cev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau yav tom ntej, tab sis qhov no tsuas yog qhov pib. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntau npaum li cas bandwidth, lub zog, kev cia khoom, qhov chaw cia lub cev siv, thiab lwm yam" khoom muag" muab los ntawm lub chaw data.
Cov cuab yeej pub dawb xws li Nagios tuaj yeem ua qhov yooj yim saib xyuas, thiab Dranetz tuaj yeem ua tiav cov kev daws teeb meem nyuaj xws li ntsuas lub zog. Lub tswb tshwm sim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm lossis qhov pib qis yog ib feem ntawm kev saib xyuas. Nco ntsoov muab qhov tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb rau koj lub tswb kom lawv tuaj yeem muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv chaw (piv txwv li, yog tias email server ntawm VMWare ESX host tsis ua haujlwm, lwm qhov system xav tau muaj peev xwm saib xyuas thiab tuaj yeem tshaj tawm cov ntawv ceeb toom).
7. Scalability
Tam sim no koj lub tuam txhab puas xav tau 25 servers los ua kom tiav cov haujlwm xws li virtualization, redundancy, file services, email, database, thiab tsom xam? Koj yuav xav tau dab tsi rau lub hli tom ntej, xyoo tom ntej, lossis kaum xyoo tom ntej? Koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias koj lub chaw khaws ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj zog txaus kom muaj zog, network, qhov chaw ntawm lub cev, thiab kev cia khoom.
Kev npaj rau scalability tsis yog ib qho zoo li qub, nws yog cov txheej txheem tas mus li. Cov tuam txhab ntse nquag taug qab thiab tshaj tawm txog nws. Cov ntawv ceeb toom no tuaj yeem taw qhia qhov chaw tom ntej uas yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li, xws li tsis muaj qhov chaw cia khoom.
8. Kev tswj hwm kev hloov pauv
Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias kev hloov pauv yog ib feem ntawm" txoj cai tswjfwm". Txawm li cas los xij, kuv xav tias qhov no yog ob lub tswv yim thiab lub tswv yim. Cov txheej txheem tswj kev hloov pauv tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj cov xwm txheej tsis tau npaj tseg hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw. Txawm hais tias nws' tau tshaj tawm cov txheej txheem tshiab lossis tshem tawm cov txheej txheem qub, lub neej voj voog ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw yuav tsum ua raws li txoj kev tswj hwm kev hloov pauv.
9. Ua tus txheej txheem
Txhua tus kws tshaj lij IT xav tias lub sijhawm nyuaj. Ntshai ntawm lub sijhawm kawg yuav ua rau qee qhov" luv" kev coj cwj pwm. Ib zaug li ntawd, feem ntau nyuaj los xyuas kom meej tias ib puag ncig zoo thiab huv si.
Kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua tiav tsis yog tsuas yog txhais tau tias txhim kho nws thiab qhib nws, nws kuj suav nrog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw nyob hauv cov txheej txheem kev txhawb nqa thiab kev txhawb nqa. Koj tus neeg rau zaub mov khib yuav tsum huv si thiab muaj laj thawj (cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yog nyob rau ntawm ib lub txee thiab qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm lwm lub txee). Koj lub cable yuav tsum muaj qhov ntev me ntsis thiab ua haujlwm raws li cov lus qhia kev ua haujlwm cable, tsis yog muab folded randomly.
10. Cov ntaub ntawv
Qhov kawg taw tes yog tias koj yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, muaj txiaj ntsig thiab raws sijhawm. Yog tias koj tsis ua raws li cov txheej txheem nruj, nws yooj yim ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv kev siv. Nws tsis txaus los ua ke ua ke qhov hloov layout thiab qhov chaw ntawm lub server ntsaws rau hauv daim duab. Koj txoj kev tswj hwm kev hloov pauv yuav tsum suav nrog khaws cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam thiab ua rau lawv muaj rau txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm cuam tshuam raws li cov ntsiab lus ntxiv.
Qhov no tsis yog lus ceeb toom, tab sis coj los ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm" tsheb sib tsoo". Piv txwv tias kuv raug tsheb tsoo tag kis, lwm tus neeg tsawg kawg tsis tau' tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb txog seb kuv txoj haujlwm lossis cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug yog li cas, vim tias kuv siv sijhawm txhua lub limtiam los xyuas kom meej tias txhua qhov kev hloov pauv thiab kev hloov kho. sau raws li. Dab tsi' qhov ntau tshaj qhov exaggerated yog tias yog tias kuv txiav txim siab hloov txoj haujlwm, kuv tsis' tsis tas yuav siv sijhawm ob lub lis piam ntxiv frantically sau txhua yam kuv ua rau lub kaw lus.
